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Bison

Nearly Destroyed: Once 50 million American bison, also known as American buffalo, roamed the Great Plains of North America. This symbol of the American frontier was nearly destroyed due to overhunting by the settlers of the 19th century. Conservation efforts saved the bison from the brink of extinction, but the fraction that remain are either captive or come from captive stock.

American Giant: The bison is the largest land mammal native to the Western Hemisphere, reaching heights of over 6 feet and weighing more than 750 pounds. Its bulk, however, does not slow it down. American bison can reach speeds of up to 37 mph.

Males and Females: Females and their offspring live in hierarchical herds controlled by a dominant female. Males live apart and only enter the female herds during mating season, when the males fight over access to females.

Disease Spreader?: Bison share several bacterial infectious diseases with cattle that some ranchers fear may be transmittable to livestock, although studies suggest this is unlikely.

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MORE BISON

VIDEO: Bison Clash at Yellowstone

PUZZLES: American Bison Puzzles

FACTS: More American Bison Facts

EXPERT: Surviving a Bison Attack

DID YOU KNOW?

The Tail Tells: You can determine a bison's temperament by its tail: if it's sticking straight up, it's angry and most likely about to charge. But, don't run! Um, just don't be there.

When Bison Ruled: It's estimated that over 60 million American bison once roamed the Great Plains before they were nearly hunted to extinction by settlers.

Full of Surprises: Despite its slow, lethargic movements, the bison can outrun a human and leap over barbed wire fences. In Yellowstone, it has killed or injured four times as many people as bears have.