The following list contains the numbers of known species in each living mammalian order, along with some common names for selected species. It is based on Mammalogy by T.A. Vaughan, J.R. Ryan, and N.J. Czaplewski (4th edition, 2000, Saunders College Publishers, Orlando). There are a total of 4,646 species recognized, almost half of which are rodents.

SUBCLASS PROTOTHERIA

     Order Monotremata (3 species)

echidnas, duck-billed platypus

SUBCLASS THERIA

     Order Didelphimorphia (63 species)

opossums

     Order Paucituberculata (6 species)

rat opossums

     Order Microbiotheria (1 species)

monito del monte (or Ilaca)

     Order Dasyuromorphia (63 species)

numbat, quolls, antechinuses, devil

     Order Peramelemorphia (21 species)

bandicoots

     Order Notoryctemorphia (2 species)

marsupial "mole"

     Order Diprotodontia (117 species)

koala, wombats, cuscuses, rat kangaroos, kangaroos, wallabies, gliders, possums

Infraclass Eutheria (Placentalia)

     Order Xenarthra (29 species)

two and three-toed sloths, armadillos, anteaters

     Order Insectivora (429 species)

solenodons, tenrecs, hedgehogs, shrews, moles

     Order Scandentia (19 species)

tree shrews

     Order Dermoptera (2 species)

colugos

     Order Chiroptera (928 species)

bats

     Order Primates (236 species)

aye-aye, lemurs, tarsiers, monkeys, apes, human, gibbons, marmosets

     Order Carnivora (271 species)

cats, civets, mongooses, hyenas, wolves, foxes, jackals, bears, seals, sea lions, walrus, weasels, skunks, otters, raccoons

     Order Cetacea (78 species)

rorquals, whales, dolphins, porpoises, narwhal, beluga

     Order Sirenia (5 species)

dugongs (or sea cows), manatees

     Order Proboscidea (2 species)

elephants

     Order Perissodactyla (18 species)

horses, asses, zebras, tapirs, rhinoceroses

     Order Hyracoidea (6 species)

hyraxes

     Order Tubulidentata (1 species)

aardvark

     Order Artiodactyla (220 species)

swine, peccaries, hippopotamuses, camels, llamas, chevrotains, giraffe, okapi, deer, pronghorns, antelope, bison, cattle, goats

     Order Pholidota (7 species)

pangolins (or scaly anteaters)

     Order Rodentia (2,024 species)

squirrels, beavers, pocket gophers, rats, mice, kangaroo, rats, dormice, Old and New World porcupines, cavies, mole-rats, chinchillas, capybara, pacas, agoutis

     Order Lagomorpha (80 species)

pikas, rabbits

     Order Macroscelidea (15 species)

elephant-shrews

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