Filefish belong to the Balistidae family and the Monacanthinae subfamily. Most Filefish available in the aquarium trade belong to the genus Pervagor. Filefish belonging to the genera Oxymonacanthus, Chaetodermis, and Monacanthus are also available. Most Filefish grow to around six inches in an aquarium, but in the wild, the largest member of this family can reach a length of 40 inches. Filefish are closely related to Triggerfish and Boxfish. Filefish are found throughout the world in tropical and temperate waters, and are most commonly associated with coral reefs or rocky areas. Most species of Filefish have two dorsal spines, one larger than the other, and rough, textured scales. Filefish are most often found swimming alone, however, some species within this group are found in pairs or in a small school in the wild.
The diet of Filefish varies within the group. The majority of Filefish feed on algae and crustaceans. One species feeds exclusively on live coral polyps. Most Filefish do extremely well in an aquarium and make ideal candidates for the average home aquarium. Filefish are generally peaceful, but may become aggressive toward smaller, more passive fish and also with members of their own species. Provide Filefish with adequate hiding places and ample swimming space.
Some male Filefish can be distinguished from their female counterpart by sporting hooks on the end of their scales just below their eyes. Filefish are extremely difficult to breed in an aquarium.
They are generally compatible with: Dwarf Angelfish, Anglers & Frogfish, Anthias, Basslets, Batfish, Blennies, Boxfish, Butterflyfish, Cardinalfish, Clownfish, Filefish, Goatfish, Gobies, Grunts & Sweetlips, Hawkfish, Hogfish, Parrotfish, Puffers, Squirrelfish and Tangs & Surgeons.
Caution is required with: Large Angelfish, Damselfish, Lionfish & Scorpionfish, Pseudochromis and Wrasse.
They are not compatible with: Eels, Groupers, Seahorses & Pipefish, Sharks & Rays and Triggerfish.
