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Breeding

Breeding age limits: According to AKC Rules, Chapter 3, Section 5, the dam must be at least 8 months but not more than 12 years old on the date of mating. The sire must be at least 7 months old but not more than 12 years old on the date of mating.

Chain of title: The complete sequence of ownership of a dog, including the date of transfer from litter owner (L/O) or recorded owner (R/O) to the new owner (N/O).

Dam: The female parent.

Date of whelping: Date of birth.

Entire: A dog whose reproductive system is complete.

Gestation Period: The time between mating and birth (it averages 63 days).

In whelp: Pregnant.

Nick: A breeding that produces desirable puppies.

Pedigree: The written record of a dog's genealogy of three generations or more.

Pen breeding: Unwitnessed mating that occurred because the sire and dam were confined to the same area.

Register: To record with the AKC a dog's breeding particulars.

Registration certificate: The document issued by the AKC to the owner of a dog when it is individually registered or transferred to a new owner.

Sire: The male parent.

Stud fee: Payment made for the services of a stud dog.

Stud Book: Monthly publication of the AKC. A listing of dogs that have sired or produced a litter that has been registered with the AKC. With this information, a person can use Stud Book volumes to trace a dog's lineage and to produce pedigrees.